AR# 66517

描述

Manual Eye Scan:

UltraScale GTY allows for a real-time, non disruptive Eye Scan. The User can at the same time receive data and check the equalized signal eye extension for a full BER and signal margin control, without missing a single bit.

Most of the information required can be found in (UG578) UltraScale and UltraScale+ GTY, RX Margin Analysis.

This Answer Record will guide you through a step-by-step simple case of running a Manual Eye Scan.

解决方案

The Eye Scan feature is already implemented in IBERT, where a GUI helps with a simple customization of the Eye Scan, and IBERT drives the Eye Scan automatically.

However, some additional HDL is required to pair the Eye Scan feature with your design (this option is referred to here as Manual Eye Scan).

Because the Eye Scan engine is controlled by a few attributes mapped in the DRP space, most of the required code is just to take care of the DRP Read, Modify and Write operations.

For those designs where the DRP port is already used, this comes for free.

The ports required for the Eye Scan are listed in Table 4-18 of (UG578). In a small number of cases, one additional port (EYESCANRESET) might be needed.

The following steps are required once before a Manual Eye Scan:

1. Correctly set the Eye Scan attributes
2. Reset the GT (with EYESCANRESET included)

The following steps can be cycled during an Eye Scan sweep

1. Set the offset sampler position
2. Trigger the Eye Scan State Machine
3. Evaluate the counters values at the end of the scan process

The Manual Eye Scan can get very sophisticated, and can do the following:

• Sweep the full eye or part of it
• Run continuously or one shot
• Vary the BER target depending on the offset sampler position
• Evaluate the signal quality and monitor its changes with time

It can also have different utilities to a plain Eye Scan, as will be shown later.

However, the atomic access to the Eye Scan will always step through the simple passages given. There are many options to get to the same result; probably the more flexible is to let a microprocessor handle the Eye Scan.

A very fast Eye Scan could be developed entirely in HDL. (Xilinx Answer 64098) is a good example of a simple Eye Scan measurement realized with the ILA.

Differences between ES2 and Production Silicon

There are important differences between the two silicon releases. The setup for ES2 will give incorrect results if applied to Production Silicon.

The differences are given in the table below:

Table 1 - ES_HORZ_OFFSET[11] and USE_PCS_CLK_PHASE_SEL setup per datarate and ES2 Silicon

Table 2 - ES_HORZ_OFFSET[11] and USE_PCS_CLK_PHASE_SEL setup per datarate and Production Silicon

GTY DRP address:

The relevant DRP addresses for GTY Eye Scan can be found in the table below:

Table 3 - Relevant Eye Scan attributes: DRP address for GTY UltraScale

Flow diagram and step by step GTY Eye Scan

Once the transceiver is correctly set up and working, the basic Eye Scan goes through the measurement loop of the FSM. The FSM default startup state is WAIT.

By changing the ES_CONTROL[1:0] (the signals arm and run, respectively), from the WAIT state, run initiates the BER measurement loop (left) and arm starts the diagnostic loop (right). In this Answer Record, only the measurement loop is explored.

The FSM automatically starts the error counting and the received samples counting. The counters are updated continuously, until one of the two counters reaches the saturation point. At this point the FSM reaches the state END.

We always have access to the FSM actual status by reading the ES_CONTROL_STATUS.

In the END status it is possible to read the counters and calculate the BER.

 10 Steps for a BER measurement

The following step by step path should guide you to a single sample position error measurement in LPM mode, when the offset sampler is on 0V differential and +4/64 UI right offset.

By sweeping the offset sampler position inside the eye extension, the user can complete the Eye Scan. Please refer to the User Guide for the complete description of each attribute used.

Step 1: Set ES_HORZ_OFFSET[11] and USE_PCS_CLK_PHASE_SEL in accordance with Table 1 and Table 2

Step 2: Be ready for the scan:

Step 3: Reset the GT. The reset is not necessary if ES_EYE_SCAN_EN = 1b1 is set in HDL.

Step 4: Before running the error counting, we need to tell the Eye Scan engine what to measure. This is well described in the User Guide, in the Eye Scan Architecture chapter. 

Commonly, a statistical eye view uses the following:

Step 5: set the vertical offset.

For example:

Step 6: set the horizontal offset position. For example, 4 taps to the right with respect to the data sampler:

ES_HORZ_OFFSET[10:0] = 11'b00000000100

Step 7: run the Scan by bringing the FSM to RESET and decide on the measurement loop:

Set the ES_CONTROL = 6b000001

Step 8: check that the FSM is in END status.

Read ES_CONTROL_STATUS should be equal to 3b010

Step 9: when the FSM is in END status we can finally read errors, samples, and calculate the BER.

Step 10: bring back the FSM to WAIT status and cycle again.

set ES_CONTROL [5:0] = 6b000000

Repeat for a different offset position starting from Step 5.

The Realignment sequence

The realignment sequence has been introduced for Production silicon and datarates below 10Gbps. The aim of this sequence is to get a correct sync between the Eye Scan clock and the data clock. 

In case of bad synchronization, the error counter will saturate and the Eye Scan will show a closed eye.

The sequence should be executed at the end of the Eye Scan measurement if the eye appears completely closed, even if there are no data errors.

The sequence below moves the Eye Scan clock in 2 UI increments. The realignment sequence is as follows:

1. ES_HORZ_OFFSET = x880
2. EYESCANRESET = 1
3. ES_HORZ_OFFSET = x800
4. EYESCANRESET = 0